Question 1  1. A process-oriented definition of “democracy” emphasizes equality of result. the ways in which government works, that everyone is equal. the ambiguity of the term “democracy.” 1 points  Question 2  1. Benchmarking performance improvement programs means targeted specific programs or functions. achieved some dramatic results. attempted to combine reduction of costs with increases in quality and timeliness. using standards and points of comparisons 1 points  Question 3  1. The idea of equality in American democratic thought generally refers to equality of talent and ability. equality of material possessions as an ideal. an equal claim to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. the idea that the integrity of the individual is of supreme importance. 1 points  Question 4  1. The unusual visibility of the public administrator is rooted in the public purposes that are pursued. is rooted in the tendency toward corruption. is similar to the business administrator’s visibility. does not affect efficiency and responsiveness issues. 1 points  Question 5  1. Which of the following is NOT a principle of New Public Management? organizations need to be mission-driven organizations need to be incentive-based. organizations need to be centralized. organizations need to be responsive inter-organizational networks 1 points  Question 6  1. In a democratic society, which is NOT a characteristic of pluralistic decision making? is a common feature of government. involves the participation by many groups and officials in governmental decisions. is a distinguishing feature that differentiates public and business administration. reduces the accountability of public officials 1 points  Question 7  1. The Office of Management and Budget is a feature of each state’s budget-making apparatus. concerned solely with evaluation of the fiscal efficiency of management practices. located in the Congress as an advisory body. the White House office charged with the actual preparation of the executive budget proposal that is conveyed to Congress. 1 points  Question 8  1. An example of “clientele support” is the American Association of Retired Persons’ lobbying of Congress in support of Social Security Administration budgets. when the supervisors of the budget officer support that person. the National Rifle Association’s lobbying of Congress in support of better urban transportation systems. When the budget officer enjoys the support of the chief executive. 1 points  Question 9  1. As a management tool, the budget steps include proposal, amendment, passage. incremental, rational, bargained agreements. budget formation, approval, execution, and audit. committee hearings, mark-up, and report of budgets. 1 points  Question 10  1. Fiscal policy is concerned principally with the amount of money in circulation in the economy. funding of government programs. the impact of government taxation and expenditures of the economy. the business cycle. 1 points  Question 11  1. A grant by the federal government to a state or locality may be in the form of a block grant, which is funding provided for a specific purpose or project. for any purpose officials may select (within the law). funding provided for a general program or functional area. funding for a specific city block or neighborhood. 1 points  Question 12  1. About half of all local government revenue is obtained from the ______. property tax income tax sales tax payroll tax 1 points  Question 13  1. Internal sources of bureaucratic power include clientele groups. information and expertise. vague legislative enactments. power-hungry administrators. 1 points  Question 14  1. The writing of vague policy and law by the Congress implies what for government agencies? Highly restricted agency action. The lack of administrative discretion. A highly accountable government agency. An opportunity for government agencies to shape policy through implementation. 1 points  Question 15  1. The strong mayor system of city government is rarely used in larger American cities. provides for the mayor to have a great deal of administrative and budgetary authority. is most common in small mid-western towns. does not give city councils policymaking authority 1 points  Question 16  1. Inputs into the systems model of politics and policy include Laws, regulations, and decisions. Election results, public opinion, communication to elected officials, and personal experiences of decision makers. Rules developed by administrative agencies. None of the above. 1 points  Question 17  1. Any issue, problem or idea that could be considered in the policy process that does not fall outside various social and political norms in a particular society is found on the agenda universe. systemic agenda. institutional agenda. decision agenda. 1 points  Question 18  1. Public agencies write public policy proposals. do not provide testimony in support of policy proposals. have no role in formulating public policy. are not involved in the policy process 1 points  Question 19  1. Public policies are the laws. made only in Congress. never made by public administrators. authoritative statements by legitimate governmental actors about public problems. 1 points  Question 20  1. Viewing public service in an ethical dimension involves recognition that actions taken by public administrators to carry out public policy include an effort to discover or clarify the public interest. are always subject to examination by legislators. will always involve moral dilemmas. are amoral, since they involve power. 1 points  Question 21  1. The Pendleton Act of 1883 prohibited active participation in political campaigns by federal employees. political contributions by any federal employee. state employees from engaging in election campaign work. federal employees from serving as delegates to a party convention. 1 points  Question 22  1. The tension between efficiency and responsiveness is rooted in issues of effectiveness versus equity. issues of bureaucracy versus democracy. responsibility and irresponsibility. federalism 1 points  Question 23  1. The idea that a bureaucracy of professionals, who follow the mandates of a legislature, can meet the administrative requirements of a democracy is called the doctrine of hierarchical organization. the spoils system. neutral competency. the iron law of oligarchy. 1 points  Question 24  1. When the administrator attempts to make a judgment concerning the desires of the public with respect to his/her tasks, this is an example of_____. objective responsibility subjective responsibility representative bureaucracy participatory decision making 1 points  Question 25  1. A way of insuring administrative responsiveness that focuses on strict legislative supervision and tightly drawn statutes is ______. subjective responsibility representative bureaucracy objective responsibility participatory decision making 1 points  Question 26  1. The cost-effectiveness approach involves a focus on identifying the impacts of alternative proposals. translating “effective” approaches into their dollar values. avoiding the use of dollar values in assessing either the effectiveness or costs associated with a proposal. identifying the critical path in a project. 1 points  Question 27  1. A common limitation of quantitative techniques for selecting a policy alternative is the difficulty of assigning dollar value to such variables as pain, suffering, and lives saved. the inability to take account of the effects of inflation. lack of access to computers. the lack of quantitative methods 1 points  Question 28  1. In the effort to contract out governmental activities non-governmental organizations have taken on governmental roles. no new ethical questions concerning the motives of service-providers are raised. existing mechanisms for control and accountability will continue to work well. little challenge to issues of democratic values is involved. 1 points  Question 29  1. Which of the following is NOT a problem faced by researchers involved in the conduct of a true experiment in a social program? identifying the treatment or intervention difficulty in establishing two comparable groups, one experimental, the other a control group. ethical concern for the fate of participants in the experimental group. establishing randomness in assignment of persons to the experimental or control group. 1 points  Question 30  1. In an experiment, the control group is the recipient of intervention or treatment. unnecessary. unknown to the experimenter. not the recipient of intervention or treatment. 1 points  Question 31  1. Someone studying the number of lives saved as a result of the national government’s automobile safety regulations would conduct an outcomes evaluation. a process evaluation. an experiment. intensive interviews. 1 points  Question 32  1. The compilation of all federal rules currently in effect is: Code of Federal Regulations U.S. Code Federal Register U.S. Code Annotated 1 points  Question 33  1. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that local zoning regulations are constitutional if: They bear a rational relation to the health and safety of the community They are uniformly applied throughout the state They do not restrict commercial development Owners are paid fair market value compensation if the uses of their property are restricted 1 points  Question 34  1. Which of the following most accurately describes how to read a statute: All relevant statutory provisions will be collected into a single section Although there may be multiple publications containing statutes only the official publication will always be up to date Internet versions are always more reliable than the print versions Both print and Internet versions should be checked for later changes 1 points  Question 35  1. On what basis did the U.S. Supreme Court find that the Equal Protection Clause applied to the federal government? The express terms of the Constitution Combined with due process it is part of basic fairness The Ninth Amendment The Sixth Amendment 1 points  Question 36  1. To what extent must criminal trials be open to the public? They may be closed only to protect a compelling governmental interest in a manner narrowly tailored to that purpose They may never be closed They may be closed at the judge’s discretion They may be closed except for a right of press access 1 points  Question 37  1. Corpus Juris Secundum is: A legal encyclopedia with broad coverage of most legal subjects An Internet update service The principle that an opinion should be followed unless the law has changed The principle that statutes should always be double-checked 1 points  Question 38  1. An agency rule that explains an agency’s understanding of the law or its regulations is known as: Substantive Interpretive Procedural Appellate 1 points  Question 39  1. POSDCORB is an acronym developed by Woodrow Wilson refers to the functions of public management. refers to the functions of the post office. is a type of organizational structure 1 points  Question 40  1. Arbitration in labor-management negotiations uses a neutral third party to negotiate a settlement. uses a third party to investigate and issue specific recommendations concerning a settlement. is a fact-finding process, normally followed by binding recommendations. does not occur in the governmental sector. 1 points  Question 41  1. Mediation in labor management negotiations uses a neutral third party to negotiate a settlement. uses a third party to investigate and issue specific recommendations concerning a settlement. is a fact-finding process, normally followed by binding recommendations. does not occur in the governmental sector. 1 points  Question 42  1. In recent years state and local merit systems in the personnel function have contracted as a result of due process requirements based on court decisions. have become weaker as a result of pressure from the federal government. have been strengthened as a result of expanding public employee due process protection provided by courts. have been dominated by political party machines. 1 points  Question 43  1. The Pendleton Act provided for establishment of a Human Rights Commission. mandated federal employee contributions to election campaigns. merit-based selection of government employees. the spoils system 1 points  Question 44  1. Employers are responsible for the acts of their employees’ negligence: Only if the employee’s act was intentional Only if the employer failed to give warnings of foreseeable harm If the negligent act was within the scope of authority associated with the work Only if the negligent act was not within the scope of authority associated with the work 1 points  Question 45  1. One of the main criticisms of globalization is that it makes the powerful more powerful and wealthy. actually makes everyone less well off. outsources jobs from developing to developed countries. prevents poorer countries from expanding their economies. 1 points  Question 46  1. Democratic peace theory asserts that there is a connection between regime type and war. the balance of power in the international system is predictive of conflict. countries with stagnant economies are more likely to engage in war. religious fundamentalism is an important factor behind conflict. 1 points  Question 47  1. A primary objective for both insurgency and guerilla warfare is to defeat the enemy on the field of battle. raise the costs of conflict as higher than any benefit to the attacker. force the intervention of the UN to end the conflict. use high-tech weapons against the attacker. 1 points  Question 48  1. International politics is an area in which vital decisions are made based on understandings of cause and effect. fear and misunderstanding. political will. moral guidance. 1 points  Question 49  1. The U.S. government wants China to allow its currency to increase in value in order to raise the value of the U.S. dollar. help moderate the American trade deficit with China. lower American interest rates. create competitive devaluation. 1 points  Question 50  1. The evolution of today’s international system has been dominated by the expansion of colonialism. the development of a system of sovereign states in Europe and its spread to the rest of the world. the establishment of the United Nations and its growing influence. the development of the Cold War in the twentieth century.